Identifying individual and environmental predictors of opioid and psychostimulant use among adolescents and young adults following outpatient treatment

Individual level predictors varied by SUD severity, with age, tobacco use, criminal justice involvement, race, prior SUD treatment, as well as US region, neighborhood poverty, population, and homicide rate around patients’ treatment facility emerging as either protective or risk factors for latency to opioid and/or psychostimulant use.