How does climate change impact people who use alcohol and other drugs? A scoping review of peer reviewed literature

Scoping review
by
MacLean, Sarah et al

Release Date

2024

Geography

International

Language of Resource

English

Full Text Available

Yes

Open Access / OK to Reproduce

Yes

Peer Reviewed

Yes

Objective

The aim of this review was to classify impacts of climate change for people who use alcohol and other drugs (AoD), as reflected in peer reviewed literature.

Findings/Key points

This review highlights the role of climate change in altering patterns of AoD use, the majority finding increased use of a range of substances rather than declines. Some studies identify unplanned withdrawal, changed drug markets, disrupted service access, specific physiological vulnerabilities of AoD users to extreme heat, and compounding effects on mental health. Few studies consider impacts that occur because of long-term or gradual climatic shifts such as environmental changes that are detrimental to livelihoods.

Design/methods

Studies included in this scoping view involved a human population, a climate change related exposure, and an AoD outcome. Exposure events of interest included extreme heat, fires, storms, floods, droughts, and longer-term environmental changes. 8,204 studies were screened, with 82 included for data extraction and narrative analysis.

Keywords

About people who use drugs
Alcohol
Hospitals
Mental health
Substitution/OAT
Transitions in care/treatment
Withdrawal